1. Rome became the capital of a unified Italy, and remains such to this day. Secular History
2. The Italian government passed the "Law of Guarantees" by which the Papacy was to retain the Vatican as a sovereign state, and to be given an annual sum of $600,000 (roughly his income from his previously held lands). Pope Pius IX rejected the offer, and calling himself the "prisoner of the Vatican," ordered the Roman Catholics to boycott the government. He and his successors voluntarily went into partial exile in the Vatican for the next 52 years. The Pope reigning in 1929 bargained with Mussolini for the Papacy to receive approximately the same terms as Pius IX had rejected in 1870. Secular History